Journal: Virology

Article Title: The V domain of dog PVRL4 (nectin-4) mediates canine distemper virus entry and virus cell-to-cell spread.

doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.02.014

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Cell surface expression of chimeric PVRL molecules (dog.PVRL4, dog.PVRL4/VhPVRL1 and hPVRL1/Vdog.PVRL4). The flow cytometric histograms depict the cell surface expression profile of PVRL4 and PVRL1 in the corresponding cell line (isotype ctrl antibody, IgG – shaded; PVRL4 antibody, PVRL4 – blue; PVRL1 antibody, PVRL1 – green). Vero stable cell lines were incubated with either a phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody specific for human PVRL4, a PE-conjugated mouse IgG2a control antibody, an allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody specific for human PVRL1 or an APC-conjugated mouse IgG2B control antibody. The Y-axis represents cell counts and the X-axis represents fluorescence intensity (FL8: APC; FL2: PE).

Article Snippet: Briefly, cells were washed with PBS, non-enzymatically dissociated and subsequently blocked in 2.5 μg of normal human IgG (R&D Systems) for 10 min on ice followed by the addition of 10 μl of either PE-conjugated monoclonal antibody against human PVRL4 27-351 (R&D Systems FAB2659P) or PE-conjugated mouse IgG2B isotype control (R&D Systems IC0041P), and APC-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibody against human PVRL1 31-334 (R&D Systems FAB2880A) or APC-conjugated mouse IgG2A isotype control (R&D Systems IC003A) antibodies for 45 min on ice.

Techniques: Expressing, Stable Transfection, Incubation, Control

Journal: Annals of the rheumatic diseases

Article Title: Cathepsin S inhibition suppresses systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis because cathepsin S is essential for MHC class II-mediated CD4 T cell and B cell priming.

doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203717

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4 R05461111 reduces autoantibodies in MRL-Fas(lpr) mice. (A) Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) staining patterns on Hep2 human epithelial cells for serum derived from vehicle-treated and R05461111-treated MRL-Fas(lpr) mice at 1:200 dilution. (B) Crithidia luciliae slides were incubated with 1:50 diluted plasma of 20-week-old mice from both treatment groups, and autoantibody binding to the flagellate’s kinetoplast was detected using an FITC-labelled goat antimouse IgG. Images on the left show anti-dsDNA IgG in green, and staining the kinetoplast DNA itself with DAPI shown in blue is shown in the middle. The merged pictures are shown on the right side, demonstrating that FITC positivity matches with the kinetoplast at the flagella pole of C luciliae. (C) Plasma levels of anti-dsDNA IgG and IgM antibodies were determined by ELISA. (D) Plasma levels of IgG isotypes such as IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 against ds-DNA were determined by ELISA. (E) Plasma levels of anti-RNP/Sm, antinucleosome antibodies and rheumatoid factor were determined by ELISA. Data are expressed as means±SEM (n=15 each treatment group,). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 versus vehicle.

Article Snippet: For the detection of IgG and its isotypes in the serum, plates were precoated with antimouse IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3 (Bethyl Laboratories, Montgomery, Texas, USA), and sera were applied at dilutions of 1:10 000 to 1:50 000.

Techniques: Staining, Derivative Assay, Incubation, Clinical Proteomics, Binding Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Stem cells and development

Article Title: CD24-positive cells from normal adult mouse liver are hepatocyte progenitor cells.

doi: 10.1089/scd.2010.0352

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIG. 3. CD24 expression in normal, untreated, and DDC-treated liver. (A–F) Colocalization of CD24 and CK19 expression in wild-type untreated and DDC-treated livers. CD24 expression on bile duct epithelium was weak in untreated liver compared with red blood cells (A). Note that red blood cells in the vein (A) are strongly stained with CD24, but are CK19 negative in the merged view. To eliminate the high background signal from the red blood cells, the microscopic field was limited to the bile duct area outlined in yellow. The panel below each frame (A–C) shows staining of cells in ductular regions. CD24 (A, D, red) colocalized with CK19 (B, E, green) in the periportal zone in both untreated and DDC-treated liver (C, F). CD24 is induced in DDC-treated ductal cells (D), which correlated with the expansion of expression of CK19 (E). The magnification is 400·. (G–N) Immunohistochemical staining of CD24 and A6 antibodies on adjacent sections of normal wildtype and DDC-treated liver. In normal, untreated, wildtype liver, CD24 was expressed on red blood cells in the vein (labeled by lines) and ductal cells (G, H, green). In the same location of adjacent slides, A6 expression showed ductular staining similar to that of CD24 (I, J, green). In DDC-treated liver, the ductal expansion of CD24 expression (K, L, green) was similar to that of A6 (M, N, green). DNA is stained with DAPI blue. The magnification is 200·. FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate. Color images available online at www.liebertonline.com/scd

Article Snippet: Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated mouse anti-rat IgG2a secondary antibody (Serotec; MCA278F, 1:100) was used to detect CK19 specifically.

Techniques: Expressing, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Labeling